real assets

Real assets give your clients exposure to tangible investments like real estate, infrastructure, and commodities. These assets can help diversify portfolios and offer potential inflation protection. This guide explains how financial professionals can evaluate and use real assets in client portfolios.

What are real assets?

Real assets are tangible investments whose value comes from their physical properties and the essential services they provide. These assets include real estate, infrastructure, natural resources, and commodities. Unlike financial assets, tangible assets hold intrinsic value because they can be used, consumed, or relied upon in everyday economic activity.

Financial assets like stocks and bonds represent claims on future cash flows. Real assets, by contrast, derive value from their material existence. Buildings provide space for business operations. Farmland produces crops. Infrastructure supports transportation and energy systems. Because of this, tangible assets are often considered foundational to economic growth and productivity.

Real or tangible assets also play an important role in modern portfolios. Investors often include them alongside traditional investments like stocks, bonds, and mutual funds to improve diversification.

Real assets tend to behave differently from financial assets, particularly during changing economic conditions. This difference in behavior may help reduce overall portfolio volatility and create a more balanced allocation.

Financial asset vs. real asset: What’s the difference?

The difference between tangible assets and financial assets becomes clearer when comparing their characteristics.

Here’s an explainer comparing the two:

Investors often use both asset classes together. Real assets may provide diversification benefits and inflation protection while financial assets offer liquidity and efficient market access. Combining both allows advisors to pursue long-term growth, manage volatility, and balance portfolio objectives.

Key types of real assets for US client portfolios

Real assets include several categories that provide income potential, diversification, and inflation protection. These investments are tangible and derive value from their physical properties and economic use. For financial professionals and RIAs, understanding what are considered real assets helps identify how tangible assets investments may fit into client portfolios.

The chart below outlines the key types of tangible assets and their characteristics.

How real assets can help manage inflation risk

Inflation reduces purchasing power over time. When prices rise, investments that do not adjust to inflation may lose real value.

For financial professionals and RIAs, managing inflation risk is an important part of long-term portfolio construction. This is where tangible assets investment strategies may play a role.

Limited supply and high demand

Many tangible assets are scarce. Land, natural resources, and energy assets cannot be easily produced or expanded. When inflation rises, demand for these assets may increase as investors look for stores of value.

This limited supply combined with higher demand may push prices upward. As a result, tangible assets investments often help preserve purchasing power during inflationary periods.

Real assets also play a direct role in economic activity. Infrastructure supports transportation and utilities. Natural resources provide raw materials. Real estate provides housing and commercial space. Because these assets remain essential regardless of market conditions, they often maintain value when inflation increases.

Pricing power of real assets

Real assets often have pricing power. This means owners may adjust prices or fees when costs rise. For example, landlords may increase rent, infrastructure operators may adjust usage fees, and commodity prices may rise when input costs increase. This pricing flexibility allows tangible assets to generate income that keeps pace with inflation.

Real estate is one of the most common tangible assets examples with pricing power. Property owners may increase rents during inflationary periods. Commercial real estate leases often allow landlords to pass operating costs to tenants. This helps maintain cash flows even when expenses increase.

Infrastructure assets may also include inflation-linked pricing. Utilities, toll roads, and energy systems often operate under contracts that allow price adjustments.

Commodities are another example of tangible assets that may serve as an inflation hedge. Oil, metals, and agricultural products are essential inputs across the economy. When inflation rises, these commodity prices increase as production costs rise.

Liquidity, valuation and risk issues with real assets

Tangible assets can offer diversification, income potential, and inflation protection. However, they also come with unique risks that financial professionals and RIAs should consider when building portfolios. These risks differ from traditional stocks and bonds because tangible assets involve physical ownership, operational management, and longer investment horizons.

Liquidity risk

Real assets such as real estate, infrastructure, farmland, and private investments are often difficult to sell quickly. Unlike publicly traded securities, these assets may require time to find buyers and complete transactions.

Illiquid assets may also experience wider bid-ask spreads and fewer buyers, particularly during market stress. Investors who need to sell quickly may face lower prices or potential losses. Because of this, tangible assets are generally more suitable for long-term investment strategies.

Valuation complexity

Real assets can also be difficult to value. Stocks and bonds typically have transparent market prices, but tangible assets often require appraisals, projections, or specialized analysis.

Property values may depend on rental income, occupancy levels, and market demand. Infrastructure and natural resources may depend on long-term contracts, commodity prices, and operating conditions.

Valuation uncertainty can also increase during volatile markets. Changes in interest rates, economic conditions, or regulatory environments may affect asset values and create pricing variability.

Operational risk

Real estate properties require maintenance, tenant management, and operational oversight. Infrastructure assets require ongoing upgrades and regulatory compliance. Natural resources and productive land depend on production, environmental conditions, and operational expertise.

These operational requirements introduce additional risks and costs. Poor management, unexpected maintenance, or disruptions to operations may reduce income and asset value.

Interest rate risk

Interest rates can significantly affect real assets. Higher interest rates increase borrowing costs for property acquisitions, infrastructure development, and capital-intensive projects. Rising rates may also reduce property values and slow investment activity.

Real estate investment trusts (REITs), for example, may face refinancing challenges when rates increase. Higher borrowing costs can affect cash flows and reduce investor returns. Interest rate changes may also influence investor demand for tangible assets compared with fixed-income investments.

Regulatory and policy risk

Real assets may be subject to regulatory risks. Real estate investments may be affected by zoning rules, tax policies, and environmental regulations. Infrastructure projects often depend on government approvals and long-term policy frameworks.

Policy changes, geopolitical developments, and regulatory adjustments may affect operating costs and returns. For example, changing trade policies or environmental regulations may increase costs for infrastructure and natural resource investments.

Storage and carrying costs

Some tangible assets also involve storage and carrying costs. Commodities such as precious metals require storage, insurance, and transportation. Real estate and infrastructure assets require maintenance, insurance, and operational expenses.

These costs may reduce returns if not carefully managed. Investors must weigh these expenses against potential income and diversification benefits.

While real assets offer potential advantages, understanding liquidity, valuation, and operational risks is essential. Financial professionals and RIAs typically evaluate these factors carefully when determining how real assets fit into diversified portfolios.

Real assets in portfolio construction

Tangible assets play an important role in modern portfolio construction. Their lower correlation with financial markets, combined with income generated from rents, contracts, or production, can help stabilize portfolios across market cycles. Institutional investors have long used real assets for these reasons, particularly in long-term investment strategies.

Here’s how these physical assets typically fit in portfolio management:

However, tangible assets also come with unique considerations. Liquidity constraints, valuation complexity, operational requirements, and regulatory risks require careful due diligence. Financial professionals and RIAs should evaluate these factors when determining how real assets fit within client portfolios.

When used alongside traditional financial assets, tangible assets can help support long-term growth, income generation, and risk management. A balanced allocation that reflects client goals, risk tolerance, and time horizon may help strengthen portfolio resilience across changing economic conditions.

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