Frequently asked questions about the DOL fiduciary rule
Answers to common sources of confusion or misunderstanding about the new regulation.
- April 5, 2016
- By Bloomberg
Q: Is the rule now final?
A: Yes, the Department of Labor released its final fiduciary rule on Wednesday, April 6.
Q: How is the final rule different from what was in the rule proposal?
A: The final rule released by DOL was significantly streamlined from what was initially proposed. Several of the changes involve the so-called best interest contract exemption. The legally binding exemption requires advisers to act as fiduciaries, but also gives them flexibility in compensation arrangements, allowing them to charge commissions or take revenue sharing.
The final rule clarifies that the contract does not have to be signed until an account is opened. Critics asserted the proposed rule would require the contract to go into effect before beginning a discussion with a client.The disclosures required under the contract have been reduced, including the elimination of the one-, five- and 10-year projections of returns and fees at the point of sale. The exemption has been clarified to ensure there is no bias against the sale of proprietary products.
In addition, the list of approved investment products for retirement accounts has been removed. Finally, the list of approved investment products for retirement accounts has been removed.
Q: What are some of the legal implications, especially for cases that are arbitrated?
A: Most disputes in the investment advisory industry are resolved by arbitration, and that is still likely to be the case. Advisers still will write the contracts their clients sign, which can require arbitration. But investors under the rule will have stronger ground to stand on: Because advisers and brokers will be required to sign contracts stating they put their clients’ best interests first, investors have greater legal recourse.
Q: What are the consequences for an adviser who breaches fiduciary duty?
A: Fiduciaries are subject to personal liability for losses caused by a fiduciary breach. Fiduciaries also are subject to potentially large excise taxes for engaging in prohibited transactions, unless they qualify for an exemption. ERISA currently prohibits fiduciaries from completing transactions that involve conflicts of interest unless they disclose the conflicts and operate under the oversight of an independent fiduciary.
Q: Who is exempt from the new rule?
A: The DOL has said four groups are exempt:
• People who do not represent themselves to be ERISA fiduciaries, and who make it clear to the plan that they are acting for a purchaser or seller on the opposite side of the transaction from the plan, rather than providing impartial advice.
• Employers who provide general financial or investment information, such as recommendations on asset allocation, to 401(k) participants, or investment education.
• People who market investment option platforms to 401(k) plan fiduciaries on a non-individualized basis and disclose in writing that they are not providing impartial advice.
• Appraisers who provide investment values to plans to use only for reporting their assets to the DOL and IRS.
Q: Will commissions be allowed on sales of securities in retirement plans?
A: Yes. But based on what the DOL has said so far, the adviser and the client would be required to enter into a written contract with provisions including that all advice be in the best interests of the client, that conflicts be clearly disclosed and that procedures be in place to encourage advisers to make recommendations in the client’s best interests.
In the rule, this is known as the Best Interest Contract (BIC) exemption.
Q: What is the BIC exemption?
A: The Best Interest Contract (BIC) exemption would allow advisers to continue working on commission. To qualify for the exemption, advisers would have to:
• Enter into a BIC with their clients.
• Provide the client with comprehensive disclosure of any conflicts of interest.
• Mitigate conflicts of interest in adviser compensation.
• Offer the client a range of investment options across asset classes.
• Suggest only investment products covered by the BIC. While the list of covered insurance products is not yet final, the draft exemption includes mutual funds and insurance and annuity products.
• Acknowledge that they are fiduciaries and are working in their clients’ best interests.
Q: What disclosures are required under the BIC exemption?
A: In addition to this written contract, the adviser would be required to provide comprehensive disclosures, such as payments from sales.
The contract also must direct the customer to a webpage disclosing the compensation arrangements entered into by the adviser and firm and make customers aware of their right to complete information on the fees charged.
Q: What is the principal transaction exemption?
A: In addition to the new best interest contract exemption, the proposal has a new principles-based exemption for principal transactions, and maintains or revises many existing administrative exemptions. The principal transactions exemption would allow advisers to recommend certain fixed-income securities and sell them to the investor directly from the adviser’s own inventory, as long as the adviser adheres to the exemption’s consumer-protective conditions.
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